中国日本高清免费视频网-中国特黄特级真人毛片-中国性xxxxxbbbbb-中国性猛交xxxx乱大交-欧美成视频一theporn-欧美成视频在线观看

THE 10th ALL IN PRINT CHINA

第十屆中國國際全印展

全印展

中國國際印刷技術及設備器材展

China International Exhibition for All Printing Technology & Equipment

October 12-16, 2026

上海新國際博覽中心

Shanghai New International Expo Centre

Supported by

印刷展

Innovative Biosensors: Why Printed Carbon Increases Efficiency

Time:2018-06-08 From:

 

Cell-based biosensors are ideal tools to provide information on how medical substances for example can affect different types of cells. For a long time they have been very expensive, but that is about to change.
 

 

The Mysterious Ways of Biosensors

 

The technology behind biosensors is not as complicated as it seems at first. There are multiple layers of living cells that are connected via electrodes, between which the electrical resistance can be measured. If the resistance is high then the layers are intact and the cells are not damaged. A virus or bacteria can negatively affect a cell culture and destroy one or several of the layers. Then, the electrical resistance is reduced and thus, the negative effect of a vaccine or drug is proven.
 

Biosensors use electrical signals in order to measure changes in cell cultures and can thus identify whether or not the human body can cope with certain substances. This means that they are very useful for modern medicine and biomedical research and can help to determine, for example, whether drinking water is polluted with toxins. However, at the moment there is one big problem with these biosensors: They are still very expensive in production and application.
 

Graphene As a Cheaper Alternative

 

To reduce the costs for production and application, Fraunhofer scientists at the Biomedical Engineering IBMT in St. Ingbert in Germany worked on an alternative with the same properties but less expensive raw materials and they succeeded. What makes biosensors so expensive is the need for biocompatible and electrically conductive materials like gold or platinum for the electrodes. The high-cost materials and production have made biosensors an unattractive alternative for laboratories. Rather, they examine changes in cell cultures under a microscope – much cheaper, but also time-consuming and inefficient.
 

The alternative developed by Fraunhofer scientists is superior to conventional biosensors in various aspects. They are now producing biosensors with graphene electrodes, which can be rather cheaply produced via roll-to-roll-printing. By using graphene they replaced the expensive part of conventional biosensors, such as gold for the electrodes.
 

Advantages of Graphene Biosensors

 

The advantages of graphene as a raw material for the electrodes of biosensors are diverse. Graphene is electrically conductive and biocompatible, just like gold and platinum. And in the form of ink, it can be printed on surfaces, which reduces the production costs compared to conventional biosensors immensely. When printing graphene electrodes, many factors have to be taken into consideration, such as viscosity and printing speed.
 

“Our system prototype can print about 400 biosensors per minute on a continuous foil,”says Dr. Thomas Velten, Head of the Biomedical Microsystems Department at IBMT.
 

These graphene biosensors are not only a cheaper alternative but they can reduce the time-effort for measurements to a minimum. They can be modified in a way so that they automatically conduct measurements that are usually conducted manually. Now that the prototype has proven to be a suitable alternative, practical tests will follow so that hopefully cell-based biosensors with graphene electrodes will soon enrich the industries.
 

主站蜘蛛池模板: 亚洲第一区视频在线观看 | 99久久99久久 | aaaa级毛片| 久久精品国产精品亚洲人人 | 久久综合精品视频 | 国产色综合天天综合网 | 国模吧在线视频 | 国产产一区二区三区久久毛片国语 | 永久毛片 | 久久久久九九精品影院 | 一级看片免费视频 | 四虎4hu永久在线观看 | 亚洲精品在线不卡 | 精品久久久久国产免费 | 欧美成人观看免费全部完小说 | 一区视频免费观看 | 人人做人人爽国产视 | xxxx日本69 | 免费观看片 | 亚洲开心激情网 | 国产福利小视频在线观看 | 亚洲伦理中文字幕一区 | 农村妇女野外一级毛片 | 人人艹人人干 | 操操操插插插 | 好大好猛好爽好深视频免费 | 成人综合网站 | 夜夜爱夜夜做夜夜爽 | 永久免费精品视频 | 日韩一级在线 | 欧美一卡二卡科技有限公司 | 国产精品露脸脏话对白 | 天天视频官网天天视频在线 | 亚洲男女免费视频 | 久久99精品国产麻豆宅宅 | 岛国毛片在线观看 | 特色一级黄色片 | 国产一级鲁丝片 | 日本亚洲一区二区 | 2021久久精品国产99国产精品 | 亚洲好骚综合 |